When analyzing food entries, you'll notice a pie chart that summarizes the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrates, and fat) composition of the foods consumed. These percentages are based on the 4-4-9 Method.
The 4-4-9 system uses the average values of 4 kcal/g for protein, 4 kcal/g for carbohydrates, and 9 kcal/g for fat:
- Each gram of protein contributes 4 calories to the caloric total
- Each gram of carbohydrates contributes 4 calories to the caloric total
- Each gram of fat contributes 9 calories to the caloric total
To calculate the percentages, you will have to multiply each of these values by their respective caloric equivalent, and then divide each by the caloric total.
In the example below, the client has consumed 24.8g of protein, 70.6g of carbohydrates, and 12.0g of fats. The caloric total will be 489.6 kcal.
After multiplying each of these values by 4, 4, and 9 respectively, dividing them by the caloric total will then show you the percentages of each:
- Protein: 24.8g x 4 = 99.2/489.6 x 100 = 20%
- Carbohydrates: 70.6 x 4 = 282.40/489.6 x 100 = 58%
- Fats: 12.0g x 9 = 108 / 489.6 x 100 = 22%
For more information on how to analyze journal entries, click here